i'm not entirely sure but remember that conditionals could be used to also mean "when" when in is that the case here?
ゲームを愛する引き篭もり少年・佐藤（さとう）和真（かずま）の人生は、あっけなく幕を閉じた・・・・・・はずだったが、目を覚ますと目の前に女神と名乗る美少女が。
would I be correct in translating the whole sentence as some along the lines of "gaming loving shut-in, satou kazuma's life life had the curtains closed too soon..... that was how it was supposed to be but, when he awoke, before his eyes was beautiful girl calling herself a goddess" ?
it doesn't make much sense to mean if here but I'm not too sure.
Answer
The structure of this sentence is a bit strange to me (maybe I'm just confused by punctuation).
Anyway, I guess that the と you are discussing here is used just as in the usual すると type of construction (plain verb + と). So, in this case, I think that it's OK to translate it with when in English, as this form generally describes a cause/effect kind of relationship.
Breaking it down in a very literal way, that part of the sentence probably could be translated as:
(subject) opens/opened (his/her) eyes and (consequence).
Of course, in a more standard English we would probably change this structure using when:
when (subject) opens/opened (his/her) eyes (consequence),
which basically bears the same idea of cause/effect. I think this article might be also useful:
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