Thursday 17 September 2015

The nomenclature of mineral acids


My basic knowledge about nomenclature is: A mineral acid is called hypo when it has one less oxygen than the original one,




  • a pyro acid when 2 molecules of acid add up with release of $\ce{H2O}$

  • a meta acid when one molecule releases $\ce{H2O}$ and

  • a per acid when it has one extra $\ce{O}$ in the structure connected with a peroxide bond.

    Question 1


    I was taught in my class that this structure:




    is correct because when we are drawing structures of a hypo-,per-,meta- or pyro- oxyacid, one must try to maximise the covalency.


    Why is that so?


    Also, usually in pyro- acid we find a $\ce{M-O-M}$ bond where $\ce{M}$ is the central atom(s). Like $\ce{P-O-P}$ in pyrophosphoric acid as show below:





    Then shouldn't the structure of pyrosulfurous acid be like this:


    Why is the structure not similar to pyrophosphoric acid?


    Question 2


    We know that in hypo-acids, there is one less $\ce{O}$ in the empirical formula of the acid i.e. Hypophosphoric acid should have one less $\ce{O}$ than in $\ce{H3PO4}$ i.e. it should be something like $\ce{(H3PO3)_$n$}$. If we put $n=2$ we have $\ce{H6P2O6}$.




    But why is its formula $\ce{H4P2O6}$?


    I might lack some information about it or maybe I've understood the concept wrong. Please help.






No comments:

Post a Comment

readings - Appending 内 to a company name is read ない or うち?

For example, if I say マイクロソフト内のパートナーシップは強いです, is the 内 here read as うち or ない? Answer 「内」 in the form: 「Proper Noun + 内」 is always read 「ない...