Monday, 23 May 2016

maseches sanhedrin - Why is וחי בהם taught in the context of one of its exceptions?


Yoma 85b expounds from Vayikra 18:5 that one should violate mitzvos if the other option is death. Sanhedrin 74a gives three major exceptions to this rule: idolatry, immorality, and murder.


Now, let's look at the context of Vayikra 18:5, with the key phrase from which Yoma 85b learns this law boldfaced:



אֶת־מִשְׁפָּטַ֧י תַּעֲשׂ֛וּ וְאֶת־חֻקֹּתַ֥י תִּשְׁמְר֖וּ לָלֶ֣כֶת בָּהֶ֑ם אֲנִ֖י יְהוָ֥ה אֱלֹהֵיכֶֽם׃ וּשְׁמַרְתֶּ֤ם אֶת־חֻקֹּתַי֙ וְאֶת־מִשְׁפָּטַ֔י אֲשֶׁ֨ר יַעֲשֶׂ֥ה אֹתָ֛ם הָאָדָ֖ם וָחַ֣י בָּהֶ֑ם אֲנִ֖י יְהוָֽה׃ אִ֥ישׁ אִישׁ֙ אֶל־כָּל־שְׁאֵ֣ר בְּשָׂר֔וֹ לֹ֥א תִקְרְב֖וּ לְגַלּ֣וֹת עֶרְוָ֑ה אֲנִ֖י יְהוָֽה׃ [...]‏


Guard my laws and ordinances that a man will do them and live in them, I am Hashem. No man should draw close to any close relative to expose nakedness; I am Hashem. [...]




Verses 6-30 continue on the theme of immorality, which is one of the exceptions to the rule that one should violate mitzvos rather than die!


Hashem could have taught this halacha anywhere; why did He teach it in the context of immorality, one of its exceptions?




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