I have been taught growing up that only Jesus has fulfilled the Old Testament messianic prophecies, and has not contradicted any messianic prophecies.
Which messianic prophecies did Jesus fulfill?
Which messianic prophecies did Jesus not fulfill?
Are there any things he did or did not do that completely rule out Jesus being the messiah according to all Jewish traditions?
A "messianic prophecy" is what is agreed upon by all Jewish traditions.
Answer
For the question of whether Jesus could have been the moshiach (summary: no), see this question.
In a comment you say that your question isn't a duplicate of that but, rather:
I want to know whether Jesus fulfills the messianic prophecies the best. Which he may do even if Jews by and large do not think he is the messiah.
This doesn't really compute for us, I'm afraid. Since he obviously wasn't the moshiach, and since somebody who's dead can't be the moshiach in the future, it doesn't really matter if he fulfills the prophecies "the best". There's no partial credit; since he's not the moshiach, his claim is no stronger than that of Shabbatai Tzvi, Bar Kokhba, David Ben Gurion, or any of the dozens (hundreds?) of people throughout history who've thought they were the moshiach.1
The proof is in the doing. When somebody gathers all Jews in Israel, unifies the world in believing in God, brings world peace, builds the third temple, etc, we'll know we have a candidate. Until then, matching up on a few points -- without even supporting evidence, only the written testimony of people who wanted to tell that particular story -- doesn't mean anything.
1 I am not saying that Ben Gurion ever made such a claim; I'm only using him as an example of someone who was pretty significant in the political history of Israel. (The article that makes a related claim is not serious.)
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