According to jmdict 曲がる is intransitive, therefore it should be used with が or は. However it always seems to be used with を - for example: この道を行って二つ目の角を右に曲がります。
Answer
This is related to a pattern with "motion verbs" in Japanese that are considered to be intransitive, but still use を to describe the area that the motion goes through.
From the first part of your example, この道を行って, the を in this case marks the area or thing through which the subjects 'goes', even though it's not a transitive verb. Often this use of を can be described as "along X" or "through X", and often carries the implication of moving along or through either all or a significant portion of the area described with を.
The same is true of 曲がります in your example, and it means something like "turn through that corner". Another example would be 飛行機が空を飛ぶ.
が simply marks the subject of the sentence, the thing that is moving through the corner or along the street, or through the sky. (I suspect your question title meant to reference を instead of が, however, given that your example sentence does not contain the particle が)
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