Tuesday 24 March 2015

inorganic chemistry - What does 'organic/non-organic molecule' means exactly?



I am new to the organic chemistry world. I was delving for the exact answer to my question, and I've found some results:




  • In wikipedia (french), is was mentioned that an organic molecule contains Hydrogen, so that $\ce{CO2}$ is a non-organic molecule, but wait, what about $\ce{H2O}$? It's almost said a non-organic molecule and it does contain Hydrogen.





  • And on other websites, I've read that an organic molecule is supposed to have 'Carbon' in its components, else, it will be called 'a non-organic molecule', the result that is an obvious contradictory to the first one.




What I've deducted from all my results is, that the organic molecule must contain Hydrogen or Carbon, and I'm not pretty sure of my deduction.



Answer



There are many different answers to the question, "What is an organic compound". Here are a few examples:



  • Pudue - "compounds that contain both carbon and hydrogen"

  • Britanica - compounds in which one or more atoms of carbon are covalently linked to atoms of other elements, most commonly hydrogen, oxygen, or nitrogen. The few carbon-containing compounds not classified as organic include carbides, carbonates, and cyanides


  • Wikipedia - any member of a large class of gaseous, liquid, or solid chemical compounds whose molecules contain carbon. For historical reasons discussed below, a few types of carbon-containing compounds such as carbides, carbonates, simple oxides of carbon (such as CO and CO2), and cyanides are considered inorganic

  • UC Davis- Any compound containing carbon atom(s) is classified as an organic compound


Trying to pull the best from each of these while still keeping it simple, perhaps a good definition of an organic compound would be - any covalent compound containing, at least, carbon and hydrogen. Everything else would be inorganic.


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