Thursday 4 August 2016

Does hybridization take place in other atoms apart from central atom in a molecule?


I have seen my textbooks always give formula and description of hybridization of central atom of a molecule. But I wonder will other atoms present (not Hydrogen) go in hybridization or only the central atom only uses hybrid orbital and other use pure orbital?



Answer



Yes, all atoms with p or d orbitals can hybridize in a molecule, not just the central atom. Take acetone for example, the carbonyl carbon is $\ce{sp^2}$ hybridized and the carbonyl oxygen is also $\ce{sp^2}$ hybridized. Another example is methyl chloride, the methyl carbon is $\ce{sp^3}$ hybridized and the chlorine is also $\ce{sp^3}$ hybridized. As a final example consider dimethyl ether, each of the carbon atoms is $\ce{sp^3}$ hybridized and the central oxygen is also $\ce{sp^3}$ hybridized.


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